Rapid DNA analysis is a new technology designed to identify DNA samples in 90 minutes or less. The traditional method of performing DNA analysis involves several different platforms: sample preparation by extraction; amplification by PCR; separation, oftentimes by capillary electrophoresis (CE); and DNA identification by UV absorbance or fluorescence. This process generally takes over 10 hours and, if contracted out to CRO labs, may take days or weeks. Rapid DNA analyzers combine all of the aforementioned steps into a single, microfluidic-based platform that can produce reliable results in less than two hours. These instruments are often portable, allowing use in the field.

It is no surprise that the major applications for rapid DNA analyzers are in forensic science. The obvious benefit of rapid DNA analyzers is time savings. At a crime scene, quick DNA analysis is an imperative for investigation and arrest. Rapid DNA analysis can also be performed while a suspect is in custody. Another benefit of rapid DNA analysis is cost savings. While such instruments can be relatively expensive, the per-sample cost of analysis is significantly less compared with traditional methods of DNA analysis.

There are only a handful of vendors involved in the development and manufacturing of rapid DNA analyzers. Japan-based NEC introduced its portable DNA analyzer in 2007. According to NEC, the system extracts, amplifies, separates and identifies a sample in about 60 minutes. NEC plans to release a new portable DNA analyzer in 2014, which the company claims will have an analysis time of 25 minutes. The extraction and CE phase will each take five minutes, while the PCR step will take approximately 15 minutes.

IntegenX makes the RapidHIT, a mobile, 180 lb system that can perform DNA analysis in about 90 minutes, according to the company. The eight-channel system uses disposable reagent cartridges. ZyGem’s MicroLab is another platform for rapid DNA analysis, which can produce results in approximately 45 minutes, according to the company. ZyGem also collaborated with Lockheed Martin to develop the InTrepID S2A-90 for rapid DNA analysis. A beta version was released last year.

Last year, NetBio and GE Healthcare launched the DNAscan Rapid DNA analysis system in 2012. The system also uses disposable, preloaded microfluidic chips. The DNAscan, which is designed for use at police stations and in forensic labs, can produce results in approximately 84 minutes, according to the companies. In addition, NetBio has a prototype unit in development as part of a collaboration with the US Department of Homeland Security.

Due to the technology’s novelty, the market for rapid DNA analysis is still in its infancy, but shows growth potential. Forensic science and security applications will play a pivotal role in fueling its growth.

Rapid DNA Analysis

at a Glance:

Leading Suppliers

• NEC

• IntegenX

• GE/NetBio

Largest Markets

• Forensics

• Government

• Clinical

Instrument Cost

• $80,000–$150,000