According to South Africa’s “National Survey of Research and Experimental Development: the country’s gross domestic expenditure on R&D totaled ZAR 16,520.6 million ($1.95 billion), 0.95% of GDP, in 2006-2007 for a nominal annual increase of 16.8%. Engineering sciences, natural sciences, and medical and health sciences comprised 20.9%, 20.3% and 15.1% of R&D, respectively. Applied sciences and technologies represented 11.0% and agricultural sciences made up 6.9%. Business performed 55.9% of 2006 R&D and higher education performed 20.0%. Government performed 22.8% of R&D in 2006, an increase from its 10.8% share in 2005. In terms of financing, 51.3% of 2006-2007 R&D was funded by business, and government funded 33.9%, up from 38.2% the previous year. The percentage of R&D funded from abroad fell in 2006 to 10.6%, down from 13.6% in 2005. Experimental development accounted for 46.3% of R&D expenditures in 2006, compared to 35.1% for applied research and 18.6% for basic research. Source: South African Department of Science and Technology