UK
The UK’s GDP expenditure on R&D for 2014 was £30.6 billion ($23.0 billion), a 4.4% increase from 2013 and a 4.1% annual average increase since 1990. The business sector had the highest R&D output in 2014, responsible for £19.9 billion, or 65%, of total R&D expenditure in the UK, a 5.9% increase. Business received R&D investments totaling £14.7 billion, the most funding for R&D expenditure for all sectors, and an 8.1% increase. Within the business sector, pharmaceuticals accounted for the highest R&D expenditure at £3.9 billion. Higher education R&D made up 26% of R&D expenditure with £7.9 billion, a 3.9% increase. R&D expenditure in the government and its research organizations/labs declined 4.3% to £2.2 billion. The nonprofit sector’s R&D expenditure was £0.4 billion, a 7% increase, representing 2% of the UK’s R&D expenditure and the highest increase of all sectors. All numbers are in current prices unless otherwise noted.
Source: Office for National Statistics