R&D spending, both domestic and abroad, by Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) firms in 2013 totaled $51,060 million, up 3.0% compared to a gain of 1.9% in 2012. In 2013, members increased domestic spending 6.9%, a change from 3.1% in 2012, to comprise 79% of total R&D. Spending abroad fell 9.1%, compared to a 1.6% decline in 2012. R&D as a percentage of total sales in 2013 was 17.8%. Domestic R&D as a percentage of domestic sales was 22.7%. In 2012, R&D expenditures by country were led by the US at $37.5 million, for 76% of total spending, followed by the UK, Japan and Germany, at 4%, 2% and 2%, respectively. Phase III R&D made up 32% of spending, followed by Prehuman/preclinical, Phase IV, Phase II and Phase I at 24%, 14%, 12% and 8%, respectively.

Source: PhRMA