his month, the Turkish Statistical Institute published the results of its “2005 Research and Development Activities Survey.” According to the results, gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) in 2005 was TRY 3.83 billion ($2.83 billion), or 0.79% of GDP. The higher education sector was responsible for 54.62% of 2005’s R&D expenditure, business enterprises—which includes state economic enterprises and the private sector—accounted for 33.83% and government expenditure made up 11.55% of the GERD figure. The government was responsible for 50.14% of R&D spending, business enterprises accounted for 43.31%, other accounted for 5.89% and foreign financing funded 0.79% of R&D. Source: Turkish Daily News