The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced regulations last week that will lower airborne pollutants over the next 25 years. Most significantly for oil refineries, the rules require that benzene levels be cut. On average, benzene made up roughly 1% of US gas in 2004. This proportion will be brought down to an average of 0.62% […]

Major restructurings of R&D operations were announced earlier this year by two of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies, Pfizer and Roche. Such announcements are becoming more common for so-called “big pharma” (see IBO 4/15/05, 4/15/06), as many of the world’s 10 largest drug firms struggle to maintain historical levels of profitability during a period of […]

Earlier this month, the FDA gave its recommendations to Congress for the next reauthorization of the Prescription Drug User Fee program. In order to support these changes, the FDA recommends that the annual user fee collections be increased $87.4 million to $392.8 million. The Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) of November 1992 first authorized […]

According to a report by the Statistics Bureau of Japan’s Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, total R&D expenditures for Japanese fiscal year (JFY) 2005 (April 1, 2005-March 31, 2006) were ¥17,845.2 billion ($156.5 billion), up 5.4% from JFY 2004. Of this, natural sciences R&D made up ¥16,472.1 billion ($144.5 billion). R&D was 3.53% of […]