Western blotting, also known as immunoblotting, is a technique for detecting proteins. Used since the 1970s, it has become an industry standard for protein detection and characterization. It allows researchers to verify the expression of a specific protein, determine the relative amount of protein present and analyze protein-protein interaction. Western blotting relies on a handful […]

Contamination by particles can produce deleterious effects in a number of ways; consequently, the analysis of the particulate content of air, gases and liquids represents an important way that this hazard can be monitored. Particular matter in the air is associated with health effects in humans and other dangers to the environment. Particles in manufacturing […]

Cell studies have generally examined populations of cells in the thousands and millions. With the use of statistical models, this work has played a significant part in disease (i.e., cancer) research and discoveries. However, with the advancements of analytical techniques, many researchers have shifted their focus to single-cell analysis, which has created strong demand for […]

Terahertz spectroscopy has surmounted many of the technological challenges that have prevented its wider acceptance, and while most of the interest in terahertz is research oriented, industrial applications are also developing in niche areas. Complete commercial systems came onto the market about 15 years ago, and the vendor base is also expanding, helping to evolve […]

Genotyping is a process of determining the genetic makeup of an organism by examining its DNA sequence, exploring underlining genetic variants such as SNPs. It is typically performed with microarray technology, but PCR and sequencing are also used. The advantage of using microarrays for genotyping is that they can process hundreds to thousands of samples, […]

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a nondestructive technique designed to probe the properties of crystalline materials. More commonly associated with the analysis of powders and single crystals for compounds and proteins of pharmaceutical interest, the technique is also used for residual-stress measurements in metals, advanced ceramics and other rigid samples. Residual stress is a measurement of […]

Sample storage and management (SSM) systems are sophisticated, automated biorepository devices that provide physical storage of biological materials, samples and specimens, as well as chemical compounds. They allow for retrieval while preserving sample integrity. The systems are available in compact units, which can fit on a lab bench, or larger-scale units, some of which can […]

Electron microscopy offers numerous advantages to researchers working on the micro- and nanoscale. All of these benefits can be used for applications involving the analysis of particles, and vendors have developed particular software packages for these analyses. For particle analysis, SEM is the most common form of electron microscopy used, and it is generally coupled […]

Cloud computing is a recent technological development with the potential to significantly change lab workflows and facilitate access to data analysis techniques. Instrument companies are now entering this market space, providing cloud capabilities. With cloud computing, demanding data analyses can be performed without the difficulty of finding funds and space for additional hardware. The cloud […]

Of the different thermal analysis techniques, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is one of the most prominent. Its goal is to measure the dependence of one or more system variables on temperature, with the sample’s weight as the primary measurement of interest. The instrument measures the mass of the sample as the temperature changes, generally through the […]